
Australia
Out Score
coming soon.
Out Score coming soon.
We're freshly researching the laws for every identity lens against our updated methodology. Australia's scores will appear here once they're published.
Learn about Australia
Beyond the scoreLearn about Australia.Official names, languages, local time and practical context for understanding Australia beyond its legal score.
Destination overview
About Australia.
Australia is both a country and a continent, extending between the Indian and Pacific oceans from tropical northern coasts to temperate southern islands. Most people live near the coast, while the interior opens into arid plains, ranges and desert Country on a scale that makes distance part of the experience. Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide each provide a different urban starting point, but the strongest reason to travel beyond them is the contrast between reef, rainforest, alpine country, open road and some of the world’s oldest continuing cultures.
Read more about Australia
Recognisable highlights are spread widely rather than gathered on one circuit. Sydney Harbour combines the Opera House, harbour beaches and coastal walks, while Melbourne is known for galleries, live performance, neighbourhood dining and sport. The Great Barrier Reef and Wet Tropics meet along Queensland’s coast, Uluṟu and Kata Tjuṯa rise from the Red Centre, and Kakadu brings wetlands, escarpments and rock art together in the Top End. Western Australia adds Nyinggulu (Ningaloo Reef), the Kimberley and vast Indian Ocean beaches, while Tasmania offers glaciated mountains, temperate rainforest and distinctive food landscapes.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have maintained diverse societies, languages and relationships with Country for tens of thousands of years, and their cultures remain contemporary as well as ancient. British colonisation began in 1788 and brought dispossession, frontier violence and profound environmental and social change. Federation created the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901, while later migration from Europe, Asia, the Pacific, Africa and the Middle East helped shape today’s cities, regional communities, food and arts. Visitor experiences led by Traditional Owners provide the most direct way to understand how local stories and responsibilities differ from one Country to another.
Major international gateways include Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane and Perth, with domestic flights linking every state capital and many regional centres. Metropolitan rail, tram, bus and ferry networks make the largest cities workable without a car, but self-driving or an organised tour is often the practical choice for national parks and regional routes. Distances can be much greater than a map first suggests, and climate varies sharply between tropical wet and dry seasons, alpine winters, desert heat and temperate southern weather. Accommodation is extensive in cities and established tourism regions, but remote journeys need earlier planning and realistic travel days.
Photo gallery
59 images from Australia

Kangaroo and Canberra Balloon Spectacular 2018
Image credit: VisitCanberra
From the Australian Capital Territory

Gibraltar Peak, Tidbinbilla, ACT
Image credit: VisitCanberra
From the Australian Capital Territory

Balloon Aloft Canberra Australia | Hot Air Balloon Flights
Image credit: David Barber / 5 Foot Photography
From the Australian Capital Territory
Show 56 more photos

Visit Lerida Estate and sample cool climate wines
Image credit: VisitCanberra
From the Australian Capital Territory

Australia Day 2019
Image credit: EventsACT
From the Australian Capital Territory

Red crab migration on Christmas Island
Image credit: Christmas Island Tourism
From Christmas Island

Scuba diving in Christmas Island
Image credit: Christmas Island Tourism
From Christmas Island

Birdlife on Christmas Island
Image credit: Christmas Island Tourism
From Christmas Island

South Point Temple on Christmas Island
Image credit: Christmas Island Tourism
From Christmas Island

Cave on Christmas Island
Image credit: Christmas Island Tourism
From Christmas Island

Anson Bay, Norfolk Island
Image credit: Norfolk Island Tourism
From Norfolk Island

Green Parrot on Norfolk Island
Image credit: Norfolk Island Tourism
From Norfolk Island

Bloody Bridge, Norfolk Island
Image credit: Norfolk Island Tourism
From Norfolk Island

Cockpit Waterfall, Norfolk Island
Image credit: Norfolk Island Tourism
From Norfolk Island

Emily Bay, Norfolk Island
Image credit: Norfolk Island Tourism
From Norfolk Island

Phillip Island, Norfolk Island
Image credit: Norfolk Island Tourism
From Norfolk Island

Anson Bay, Norfolk Island
Image credit: Norfolk Island Tourism
From Norfolk Island

Masked Booby on Norfolk island
Image credit: Norfolk Island Tourism
From Norfolk Island

Barunga Festival
Image credit: Tourism & Events NT/Alana Holmberg Barunga Festival
From the Northern Territory

Barunga Festival
Image credit: Tourism & Events NT/Alana Holmberg Barunga Festival
From the Northern Territory

Maguk
Image credit: Tourism & Events NT/@betsybiglap
From the Northern Territory

Visiting Uluru
Image credit: Tourism & Events NT
From the Northern Territory

Views at Kata Tjuta
Image credit: Tourism & Events NT/Lola and Jira/Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park
From the Northern Territory

Kings Canyon Rim Walk
Image credit: Tourism & Events NT
From the Northern Territory

Lilla Discovery Session
Image credit: Tourism & Events NT/Helen Orr/Lilla Discovery Session
From the Northern Territory

Uluru-Kata Tjuta signature walk
Image credit: Tourism & Events NT/Tasmania Walking Co
From the Northern Territory

Sunset, Mindil Beach
Image credit: Tourism & Events NT/Tourism Australia
From the Northern Territory

Nitmiluk Gorge, Nitmiluk National Park
Image credit: Tourism & Events NT/@jeffreyjkieffer
From the Northern Territory

Bulcock Beach, Caloundra, Queensland
Image credit: Visit Sunshine Coast
From Queensland

Aboriginal Indigenous performance at Currumbin Wildlife Sanctuary
Image credit: Destination Gold Coast
From Queensland

Couple walking on Currumbin Beach
Image credit: Destination Gold Coast
From Queensland

Glasshouse Mountains, Sunshine Coast, Queensland
Image credit: Visit Sunshine Coast
From Queensland

Rainbow Bay, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
Image credit: Destination Gold Coast
From Queensland

The Big Pineapple, Sunshine Coast, Queensland
Image credit: Visit Sunshine Coast
From Queensland

Green Sea Turtle
Image credit: Tourism Tropical North Queensland
From Queensland

Tawny Frogmouth (Podargus strigoides) - Bonorong Wildlife Park
Image credit: Poon Wai Nang
From Tasmania

Eastern quoll (Dasyurus viverrinus)
Image credit: Ash Thomson Photography
From Tasmania

Overland Track, Barn Bluff and Fagus
Image credit: Matty Eaton
From Tasmania

Sean Scott Photography
From Tasmania

Nude Solstice Swim, Dark Mofo
Image credit: Supplied Courtesy of Dark Mofo
From Tasmania

Wombat (Vombatus ursinus)
Image credit: Sean Scott Photography
From Tasmania

Nightsky at Stanley
Image credit: Sean Scott Photography
From Tasmania

Waubs Bay Beach
Image credit: Sean Scott Photography
From Tasmania

Overland Track, Barn Bluff
Image credit: Matty Eaton
From Tasmania

White Wallaby
Image credit: Dom & Jesso
From Tasmania

The Gardens, Bay of Fires Conservation Area
Image credit: Roady
From Tasmania

Hutt Lagoon, near Port Gregory
Image credit: Tourism Western Australia
From Western Australia

Jurien Bay
Image credit: Tourism Western Australia
From Western Australia

Kalbarri National Park, Western Australia
Image credit: Visit Australia's Coral Coast
From Western Australia

Humpback Whale at Gnaraloo Station, Western Australia
Image credit: Visit Australia's Coral Coast
From Western Australia

Purnululu National Park, The Kimberley
Image credit: Tourism Western Australia
From Western Australia

Doon Doon Campground, The Kimberley
Image credit: Tourism Western Australia
From Western Australia

Peedamulla Campground, near Onslow
Image credit: Tourism Western Australia
From Western Australia

Cactus Garden, Carnarvon, Western Australia
Image credit: Visit Australia's Coral Coast
From Western Australia

Shark Bay, Coral Coast, Western Australia
Image credit: Visit Australia's Coral Coast
From Western Australia

Wildflowers on the Coral Coast, Western Australia
Image credit: Visit Australia's Coral Coast
From Western Australia

El Questro, The Kimberley
Image credit: Tourism Western Australia
From Western Australia

Peedamulla Campground, near Onslow
Image credit: Tourism Western Australia
From Western Australia

Red Bluff, Quobba Station north of Carnarvon
Image credit: Tourism Western Australia
From Western Australia
Official and Indigenous Names
- Commonwealth of Australia (English)
Regions
- Australasia3, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, Applies to the Australian Capital Territory, the Jervis Bay Territory, New South Wales, the Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, Coral Sea Islands and Norfolk Island
- East Antarctica2 and 7, Applies to the Australian Antarctic Territory and Heard Island and McDonald Islands
- Eastern Indian Ocean1, 4 and 5, Applies to Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands
- Polynesia10, Applies to Norfolk Island
Continents
- Antarctica2 and 7, Applies to the Australian Antarctic Territory and Heard Island and McDonald Islands
- Asia1, 4 and 5, Applies to Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands
- Oceania3, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, Applies to the Australian Capital Territory, the Jervis Bay Territory, New South Wales, the Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, Coral Sea Islands and Norfolk Island
Resident population
27,801,023
2025 data
Capitals and seats of government
- CanberraCBR
Resident Population 484,630
2025 data
Currency
- Australian Dollar3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, Applies to the Australian Capital Territory, the Jervis Bay Territory, New South Wales, the Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, Christmas Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island (AUD · A$)
Driving side
- left3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, Applies to the Australian Capital Territory, the Jervis Bay Territory, New South Wales, the Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, Christmas Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island side of the road
Electricity
Languages
Englishall, Applies to all constituent destinations
Official by law1, Applies to Ashmore and Cartier Islands · Official in practice2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, Applies to the Australian Capital Territory, the Jervis Bay Territory, New South Wales, the Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, the Australian Antarctic Territory, Christmas Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands and Norfolk Island · ISO 639-3: eng
Useful phrases in English
- Hello
- Hello
- Goodbye
- Goodbye
- Please
- Please
- Thank you
- Thank you
- Excuse me
- Excuse me
Paakantyi9, 12, 13 and 15, Applies to New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia and Victoria
Indigenous9, 12, 13 and 15, Applies to New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia and Victoria · ISO 639-3: drl
Gamilaraay9, 12 and 15, Applies to New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria
Indigenous9, 12 and 15, Applies to New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria · ISO 639-3: kld
Yuwaalaraay9, 12 and 15, Applies to New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria
Indigenous9, 12 and 15, Applies to New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria · ISO 639-3: kld
Warlpiri9, 11, 12, 13 and 16, Applies to New South Wales, the Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia
Indigenous9, 11, 12, 13 and 16, Applies to New South Wales, the Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia · ISO 639-3: wbp
Show 130 more languages
Australian Kriol11, 12, 13, 15 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia
Indigenous11, 12, 13, 15 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia · ISO 639-3: rop
Dharawal8, 9 and 15, Applies to the Jervis Bay Territory, New South Wales and Victoria
Indigenous8, 9 and 15, Applies to the Jervis Bay Territory, New South Wales and Victoria · ISO 639-3: tbh
Ngiyampaa9 and 15, Applies to New South Wales and Victoria
Indigenous9 and 15, Applies to New South Wales and Victoria · ISO 639-3: wyb
Wiradjuri9 and 15, Applies to New South Wales and Victoria
Indigenous9 and 15, Applies to New South Wales and Victoria · ISO 639-3: wrh
Bandjalang9 and 12, Applies to New South Wales and Queensland
Indigenous9 and 12, Applies to New South Wales and Queensland · ISO 639-3: bdy
Ngarrindjeri13, 15 and 16, Applies to South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia
Indigenous13, 15 and 16, Applies to South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia · ISO 639-3: nay
Awabakal9, Applies to New South Wales
Indigenous9, Applies to New South Wales · ISO 639-3: awk
Darkinyung9, Applies to New South Wales
Indigenous9, Applies to New South Wales · ISO 639-3: xda
Dhanggati9, Applies to New South Wales
Indigenous9, Applies to New South Wales · ISO 639-3: dyn
Dharug9, Applies to New South Wales
Indigenous9, Applies to New South Wales · ISO 639-3: xdk
Gumbaynggirr9, Applies to New South Wales
Indigenous9, Applies to New South Wales · ISO 639-3: gih
Worimi9, Applies to New South Wales
Indigenous9, Applies to New South Wales · ISO 639-3: kda
Pitjantjatjara12 and 13, Applies to Queensland and South Australia
Indigenous12 and 13, Applies to Queensland and South Australia · ISO 639-3: pjt
Dhudhuroa15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: ddr
Dja Dja Wurrung15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: dja
Djab Wurrung15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: tjw
Gunnai15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: kth
Jardwadjali15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: jbw
Kulin15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: xku
Latje Latje15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: lth
Peek Whurrong15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: pek
Taungurong15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: tgr
Wathawurrung15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: wth
Wemba Wemba15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: xww
Woiwurrung15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: wyi
Yorta Yorta15, Applies to Victoria
Indigenous15, Applies to Victoria · ISO 639-3: xyy
Garrwa11 and 12, Applies to the Northern Territory and Queensland
Indigenous11 and 12, Applies to the Northern Territory and Queensland · ISO 639-3: wrk
Murrinh-Patha11 and 12, Applies to the Northern Territory and Queensland
Indigenous11 and 12, Applies to the Northern Territory and Queensland · ISO 639-3: mwf
Yanyuwa11 and 12, Applies to the Northern Territory and Queensland
Indigenous11 and 12, Applies to the Northern Territory and Queensland · ISO 639-3: jao
Anguthimri12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: awg
Bidjara12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: bym
Dyirbal12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: dbl
Flinders Island12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: fln
Gugu Badhun12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: gdc
Gugu Yalanji12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: gvn
Kala Lagaw Ya12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: mwp
Kuku Yalanji12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: gvn
Kuuku Ya'u12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: kuy
Lardil12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: lbz
Mbabaram12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: vmb
Meriam Mir12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: ulk
Miriwoong12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: mep
Nyawaygi12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: nyt
Tagalaka12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: tgz
Warrgamay12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: wgy
Wik Ngathan12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: wig
Wik-Mungkan12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: wim
Yagara12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: yxg
Yidiny12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: yii
Yugambeh12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: yxm
Yukulta12, Applies to Queensland
Indigenous12, Applies to Queensland · ISO 639-3: gcd
Walmajarri11, 13 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory, South Australia and Western Australia
Indigenous11, 13 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory, South Australia and Western Australia · ISO 639-3: wmt
Wangkatja11, 13 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory, South Australia and Western Australia
Indigenous11, 13 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory, South Australia and Western Australia · ISO 639-3: mpj
Bunuba11 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory and Western Australia
Indigenous11 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory and Western Australia · ISO 639-3: bck
Kartujarra11 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory and Western Australia
Indigenous11 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory and Western Australia · ISO 639-3: vkj
Martu Wangka11 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory and Western Australia
Indigenous11 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory and Western Australia · ISO 639-3: mpj
Pintupi-Luritja11 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory and Western Australia
Indigenous11 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory and Western Australia · ISO 639-3: piu
Putijarra11 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory and Western Australia
Indigenous11 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory and Western Australia · ISO 639-3: ptu
Wardaman11 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory and Western Australia
Indigenous11 and 16, Applies to the Northern Territory and Western Australia · ISO 639-3: wrr
Bardi16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: bcj
Djiwarli16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: dze
Gooniyandi16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: gni
Karajarri16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: gbd
Kija16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: gia
Kurtjar16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: gdj
Mangala16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: mem
Martuthunira16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: vma
Mirniny16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: gmr
Ngarla16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: nrk
Ngarluma16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: nrl
Nhanda16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: nha
Nyangumarta16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: nna
Nyungar16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: nys
Panyjima16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: pnw
Rimanggudinhma16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: rmg
Thalanyji16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: dhl
Tjaru16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: ddj
Warnman16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: wbt
Yawuru16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: ywr
Yulparija16, Applies to Western Australia
Indigenous16, Applies to Western Australia · ISO 639-3: yux
Luritja11 and 13, Applies to the Northern Territory and South Australia
Indigenous11 and 13, Applies to the Northern Territory and South Australia · ISO 639-3: piu
Ngaanyatjarra11 and 13, Applies to the Northern Territory and South Australia
Indigenous11 and 13, Applies to the Northern Territory and South Australia · ISO 639-3: ntj
Adnyamathanha13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: adt
Arabana13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: ard
Barngarla13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: bjb
Dieri13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: dif
Kaurna13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: zku
Kokatha13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: ktd
Kukata13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: xkt
Kungari13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: kgl
Malyangapa13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: yga
Narungga13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: nnr
Nawu13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: nwy
Ngadjuri13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: jui
Nukunu13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: nnl
Pangkala13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: pnk
Thura-Yura13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia
Tirari13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: tiy
Wangkangurru13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: wgg
Western Arrernte13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: are
Wirangu13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: wgu
Yankunytjatjara13, Applies to South Australia
Indigenous13, Applies to South Australia · ISO 639-3: kdd
Palawa Kani14, Applies to Tasmania
Indigenous14, Applies to Tasmania
Ngarigo3, Applies to the Australian Capital Territory
Indigenous3, Applies to the Australian Capital Territory · ISO 639-3: xni
Ngunnawal3, Applies to the Australian Capital Territory
Indigenous3, Applies to the Australian Capital Territory · ISO 639-3: xnm
Alyawarr11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: aly
Anmatyerr11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: amx
Arrernte11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: aer
Bininj Gun-wok11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: gup
Burarra11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: bvr
Dalabon11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: ngk
Djambarrpuyngu11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: djr
Gurindji11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: gue
Iwaidja11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: ibd
Jaru11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: ddj
Kaytetye11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: gbb
Kukatja11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: kux
Kunwinjku11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: gup
Maung11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: mph
Mudburra11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: dmw
Ngan'gityemerri11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: nam
Nunggubuyu11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: nuy
Rembarrnga11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: rmb
Ritharrngu11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: rit
Tiwi11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: tiw
Wambaya11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: wmb
Warumungu11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Indigenous11, Applies to the Northern Territory · ISO 639-3: wrm
Pitcairn-Norfolk10, Applies to Norfolk Island
Official by law10, Applies to Norfolk Island · Indigenous10, Applies to Norfolk Island · ISO 639-3: pih
Cocos Islands Malay5, Applies to the Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Official in practice5, Applies to the Cocos (Keeling) Islands · Indigenous5, Applies to the Cocos (Keeling) Islands · ISO 639-3: coa
Dhurga8, Applies to the Jervis Bay Territory
Indigenous8, Applies to the Jervis Bay Territory · ISO 639-3: dhu
Current times and time zones
- 8 and 9, Applies to the Jervis Bay Territory and New South Wales
Australian Eastern TimeAEST
Australia/Sydney · Standard AEST, daylight AEDT
- 9, Applies to New South Wales
Australian Central TimeACST
Australia/Broken_Hill · Standard ACST, daylight ACDT
- 9, Applies to New South Wales
Lord Howe TimeLHST
Australia/Lord_Howe · Standard LHST, daylight LHDT
- 15, Applies to Victoria
Australian Eastern TimeAEST
Australia/Melbourne · Standard AEST, daylight AEDT
Show 9 more time zones
- 6 and 12, Applies to Queensland and Coral Sea Islands
Australian Eastern TimeAET
Australia/Brisbane
- 12, Applies to Queensland
Australian Eastern Standard TimeAEST
Australia/Lindeman
- 1 and 16, Applies to Ashmore and Cartier Islands and Western Australia
Australian Western Standard TimeAWST
Australia/Perth
- 16, Applies to Western Australia
Australian Central Western Standard TimeACWST
Australia/Eucla
- 13, Applies to South Australia
Australian Central TimeACST
Australia/Adelaide · Standard ACST, daylight ACDT
- 14, Applies to Tasmania
Macquarie Island TimeAEST
Antarctica/Macquarie · Standard AEST, daylight AEDT
- 14, Applies to Tasmania
Australian Eastern TimeAEST
Australia/Hobart · Standard AEST, daylight AEDT
- 3, Applies to the Australian Capital Territory
Australian Eastern TimeAEST
Australia/ACT · Standard AEST, daylight AEDT
- 11, Applies to the Northern Territory
Australian Central TimeACT
Australia/Darwin
- 10, Applies to Norfolk Island
Norfolk Island TimeNFT
Pacific/Norfolk · Standard NFT, daylight NFDT
- 4, Applies to Christmas Island
Christmas Island TimeCXT
Indian/Christmas
- 5, Applies to the Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Cocos Islands TimeCCT
Indian/Cocos
- 2, Applies to the Australian Antarctic Territory
Casey TimeCAST
Antarctica/Casey
Show 3 more time zones
- 2, Applies to the Australian Antarctic Territory
Davis TimeDAVT
Antarctica/Davis
- 2, Applies to the Australian Antarctic Territory
Mawson TimeMAWT
Antarctica/Mawson
- 7, Applies to Heard Island and McDonald Islands
French Southern and Antarctic TimeTFT
Indian/Kerguelen
Busiest airports by total passengers
- Sydney Kingsford Smith AirportSYD · 41,845,862 annual passenger movements
Located in New South Wales · 2025 data
- Melbourne AirportMEL · 35,962,734 annual passenger movements
Located in Victoria · 2025 data
- Brisbane AirportBNE · 23,826,691 annual passenger movements
Located in Queensland · 2025 data
- Perth AirportPER · 14,200,502 annual passenger movements
Located in Western Australia · 2025 data
- Adelaide AirportADL · 8,413,777 annual passenger movements
Located in South Australia · 2025 data
Information reviewed 30 August 2026